News in Brief
Social Sciences - Jan 16
Attentiveness and trust are especially effective in combating juvenile crime
Attentiveness and trust are especially effective in combating juvenile crime
Administration - Jan 16
Police platform patrols create ’phantom effect’ that cuts crime in Tube stations
Police platform patrols create ’phantom effect’ that cuts crime in Tube stations
Life Sciences - Jan 16
Call for donations to equip lab in Nigeria and help train a new generation of scientists
Call for donations to equip lab in Nigeria and help train a new generation of scientists
Earth Sciences - Jan 17
Chemistry - Jan 17
Organic molecules with atoms of the semi-metal boron are among the most important building blocks for synthesis products that are needed to produce drugs and agricultural chemicals.
Life Sciences - Jan 16
Scientists have made a significant discovery about the genetic origins of how plants evolved from living in water to land 470 million years ago.
Life Sciences - Jan 17
Scientists at EPFL have published two papers showing how genetics affects the ability of different individuals to fight off gut infections.
Life Sciences - Jan 16
Yale doctors have developed a way to create vascular grafts from stem cells that are as strong as the original blood vessels they would replace.
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Researchers disprove theory of volcanic eruption as reason for mass deaths / Mineralogists and planetologists of the University of Münster participating in worldwide study in "Science' Was it volcanic eruptions in western India or an asteroid impact that caused the death of dinosaurs and many other animal species 66 million years ago? Researchers have been discussing this since the 1980s.
Organic molecules with atoms of the semi-metal boron are among the most important building blocks for synthesis products that are needed to produce drugs and agricultural chemicals. However, during the usual chemical reactions used in industry, the valuable boron unit, which can replace another atom in a molecule, is often lost.
Scientists at EPFL have published two papers showing how genetics affects the ability of different individuals to fight off gut infections. ?he ability of the immune system to fight off bacterial, viral and other invading agents in the gut differs between individuals. However, the biological mechanism by which this happens is not well understood, but at least part of this difference may be explained by genetic factors.
Scientists uncover how an explosion of new genes explain the origin of land plants
Scientists have made a significant discovery about the genetic origins of how plants evolved from living in water to land 470 million years ago. The new study, led by scientists from the universities of Bristol and Essex and published today [16 January] in Current Biology , challenge the established view of the origin of plants on land, and reveal that compared to the origin of animals, plants are better at inventing new genes during periods of evolution.
Scientists have made a significant discovery about the genetic origins of how plants evolved from living in water to land 470 million years ago. The new study, led by scientists from the universities of Bristol and Essex and published today [16 January] in Current Biology , challenge the established view of the origin of plants on land, and reveal that compared to the origin of animals, plants are better at inventing new genes during periods of evolution.
Yale doctors have developed a way to create vascular grafts from stem cells that are as strong as the original blood vessels they would replace. The advance, demonstrated in an animal model, may lead to bioengineered grafts suitable for transplant into any human patient using universally compatible cell lines, said the researchers.
In death of dinosaurs, it was all about the asteroid - not volcanoes
Volcanic activity did not play a direct role in the mass extinction event that killed the dinosaurs, according to an international, Yale-led team of researchers. It was all about the asteroid.
Volcanic activity did not play a direct role in the mass extinction event that killed the dinosaurs, according to an international, Yale-led team of researchers. It was all about the asteroid.
Cheap roundworm drug found to enhance the effects of chemotherapy in prostate cancer
Scientists at the University of Glasgow and Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute have tested close to 1000 existing medicines and discovered that a cheap drug commonly used to treat parasitic worm infection could be a game-changing treatment for prostate cancer. Prostate cancer is the most common cancer affecting men and the second most common cause of cancer death for men in the UK.
Scientists at the University of Glasgow and Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute have tested close to 1000 existing medicines and discovered that a cheap drug commonly used to treat parasitic worm infection could be a game-changing treatment for prostate cancer. Prostate cancer is the most common cancer affecting men and the second most common cause of cancer death for men in the UK.
Physicists provide direct evidence of entanglement's role in quantum criticality In a new study, U.S. and Austrian physicists have observed quantum entanglement among "billions of billions” of flowing electrons in a quantum critical material. The research, which appears this week in Science, examined the electronic and magnetic behavior of a "strange metal” compound of ytterbium, rhodium and silicon as it both neared and passed through a critical transition at the boundary between two well-studied quantum phases.
Should You Take the Bet?
The decision to buy a lottery ticket, gamble on a stock, or buy an insurance policy often comes down to an assessment of risk. How much do I have to lose or gain? For centuries, economists have debated about when somebody should take or walk away from a bet. Now, in new research from Caltech and Yale University, economists are weighing in on the conversation with new mathematical arguments that take a person's overall uncertainty in life into account.
The decision to buy a lottery ticket, gamble on a stock, or buy an insurance policy often comes down to an assessment of risk. How much do I have to lose or gain? For centuries, economists have debated about when somebody should take or walk away from a bet. Now, in new research from Caltech and Yale University, economists are weighing in on the conversation with new mathematical arguments that take a person's overall uncertainty in life into account.
Researchers from the Norwegian Institute of International Affairs and the University of Sussex analysed USD 1.3 trillion of research funding around the world. Between 1990 and 2018, less than 4.59% of the funding was spent on climate-related research. Only 0.12% of the research funding was spent on a critical issue: how to change societies to mitigate climate change.
Far-right violence in Portugal draws strength from skinhead roots - study
Far-right agitators in Portugal now have different reasons to their 1970s predecessors for becoming radicalised and committing acts of political violence - a new study shows. Influenced by the international ‘skinhead' movement from the mid-1980s, current extremists drawn largely from the working classes have turned to violence to ‘protect' white Portugal and Europe against the ‘threat' posed by multi-racial and multicultural society.
Far-right agitators in Portugal now have different reasons to their 1970s predecessors for becoming radicalised and committing acts of political violence - a new study shows. Influenced by the international ‘skinhead' movement from the mid-1980s, current extremists drawn largely from the working classes have turned to violence to ‘protect' white Portugal and Europe against the ‘threat' posed by multi-racial and multicultural society.
Giant squid’s full genome revealed, providing clues about mysterious creature
The monstrous giant squid, which can grow to the size of a school bus with eyes as big as dinner plates, is rarely sighted and has never been caught and kept alive-meaning its biology (even how they reproduce) is still largely a mystery. But science just took a huge step forward with the publication of the squid's full genome sequence.
The monstrous giant squid, which can grow to the size of a school bus with eyes as big as dinner plates, is rarely sighted and has never been caught and kept alive-meaning its biology (even how they reproduce) is still largely a mystery. But science just took a huge step forward with the publication of the squid's full genome sequence.
Lifetime suicide risk factors identified
A new review of previous studies into suicide worldwide has highlighted the effects of individual and environmental risk factors over a lifetime.
A new review of previous studies into suicide worldwide has highlighted the effects of individual and environmental risk factors over a lifetime.
#Stayathomeparents tweet anti-spanking beliefs but for some, their behaviors might differ
Stay-at-home parents are likely to tweet anti-spanking beliefs and desires, but those 280-character messages may not always convey what's happening in homes. Despite growing research that spanking leads to children's behavior problems, many parents still support the use of spanking-and among such parents are those who may turn to Twitter and present themselves in a positive manner when discussing child discipline and spanking, according to a new University of Michigan study.
Stay-at-home parents are likely to tweet anti-spanking beliefs and desires, but those 280-character messages may not always convey what's happening in homes. Despite growing research that spanking leads to children's behavior problems, many parents still support the use of spanking-and among such parents are those who may turn to Twitter and present themselves in a positive manner when discussing child discipline and spanking, according to a new University of Michigan study.
Artificial intelligence used to predict 3D structure of proteins
A deep learning system can predict the structure of a protein using its genetic sequence more accurately than any previous modelling system, according to a study by researchers at DeepMind and UCL. Nearly every function our body performs relies on proteins. Predicting the intricate 3D structure of a protein is important because its structure largely determines its function and, once the structure is known, scientists can develop drugs that target this unique shape.
A deep learning system can predict the structure of a protein using its genetic sequence more accurately than any previous modelling system, according to a study by researchers at DeepMind and UCL. Nearly every function our body performs relies on proteins. Predicting the intricate 3D structure of a protein is important because its structure largely determines its function and, once the structure is known, scientists can develop drugs that target this unique shape.
Patients in GP surgeries in Bristol are being invited to take part in a large trial of low-dose amitriptyline for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) lead by researchers from the universities of Bristol, Leeds and Southampton. IBS is a common gut disorder affecting one in ten people. Abdominal pain, bloating, and altered bowel habit affect patients' quality of life substantially and can force them to take days off work.
No Difference for Beneficials between GM Plants with One or More Bt-Toxins
The Biosafety Research Group at Agroscope has conducted a review of the literature on genetically modified plants that produce several insect-active Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxins simultaneously. The experts were able to show that the toxins did not pose an increased risk for non-target organisms such as beneficials.
The Biosafety Research Group at Agroscope has conducted a review of the literature on genetically modified plants that produce several insect-active Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxins simultaneously. The experts were able to show that the toxins did not pose an increased risk for non-target organisms such as beneficials.
Probiotic drink could offer new way to combat antibiotic resistance
A probiotic drink could become a promising new weapon in the battle against antibiotic resistant bacteria, after a team of scientists at the University of Birmingham engineered and patented a key genetic element that can tackle the genetic basis of resistance. The team is now seeking funding for a clinical trial for the drink which has potential to work against many resistant bacteria commonly found in the human gut including E. coli, Salmonella and Klebsiella pneumoniae.
A probiotic drink could become a promising new weapon in the battle against antibiotic resistant bacteria, after a team of scientists at the University of Birmingham engineered and patented a key genetic element that can tackle the genetic basis of resistance. The team is now seeking funding for a clinical trial for the drink which has potential to work against many resistant bacteria commonly found in the human gut including E. coli, Salmonella and Klebsiella pneumoniae.
Majority of cannabis consumed in Australia is by daily users
Daily users account for more than 80 per cent of all cannabis consumed in Australia, according to new research from The University of Queensland. Lead author Dr Gary Chan from UQ's Centre for Youth Substance Abuse Research said the findings were similar to alcohol consumption, where daily users accounted for the majority of total consumption.
Daily users account for more than 80 per cent of all cannabis consumed in Australia, according to new research from The University of Queensland. Lead author Dr Gary Chan from UQ's Centre for Youth Substance Abuse Research said the findings were similar to alcohol consumption, where daily users accounted for the majority of total consumption.
Researchers at EPFL have developed a new model to calculate hydraulic fracture propagation. Acclaimed for its accuracy by experts, the model better predicts fracture geometry and the energy cost of hydraulic fracturing - a widely used technique in areas such as CO2 storage, hydrocarbon extraction, dams and volcano hazard monitoring.
News from the Lab is a selection of science news that are significant or interesting for a broad readership.
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News in Brief
Social Sciences - Jan 16
Attentiveness and trust are especially effective in combating juvenile crime
Attentiveness and trust are especially effective in combating juvenile crime
Administration - Jan 16
Police platform patrols create ’phantom effect’ that cuts crime in Tube stations
Police platform patrols create ’phantom effect’ that cuts crime in Tube stations
Life Sciences - Jan 16
Call for donations to equip lab in Nigeria and help train a new generation of scientists
Call for donations to equip lab in Nigeria and help train a new generation of scientists