Pest Control with Genetically Modified Insects

To control pests without pesticides, genetically modified organisms of the same species could be used. The latter carry a gene that is passed on with above-average frequency via sexual reproduction. This gene possesses traits that directly weaken the pest, or prevent pathogens from being transmitted. But how can the environmental impact of such gene-drive elements be recorded and assessed? Experts from Agroscope have authored a concept study on this topic. The use of genetically modified insects with gene drives for purposes of pest control is now the subject of international debate (see below). This method could represent an attractive new approach for controlling pests efficiently, even without pesticides. Before such organisms are released, it is imperative to clarify their possible impact on the environment. In particular, care must be taken not to damage biodiversity. Only, how do we do this' Agroscope is now demonstrating that experience gained with established technologies involving the release of living organisms can be used in this connection. One of these technologies is the classical biological pest-control method. Controlling pest populations with gene drives In sexual reproduction, half of the genetic material of each parent is passed on. In normal circumstances, therefore, each gene is transferred to half of the offspring. Gene-drive elements ensure that these genes are inherited by many more offspring than is normally the case. This enables higher levels of certain traits to be introduced into a population. This even applies for traits that are disadvantageous for the organisms in question. But how does this work, and what do gene drives achieve?