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Environment - Life Sciences - 27.02.2023
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Environment
Results 81 - 100 of 5573.
Human-wildlife conflicts rising worldwide with climate change
Research on the impacts of climate change often considers its effects on people separately from impacts on ecosystems. But a new study is showing just how intertwined we are with our environment by linking our warming world to a global rise in conflicts between humans and wildlife. The research, led by scientists at the University of Washington's Center for Ecosystem Sentinels and published Feb.
Research on the impacts of climate change often considers its effects on people separately from impacts on ecosystems. But a new study is showing just how intertwined we are with our environment by linking our warming world to a global rise in conflicts between humans and wildlife. The research, led by scientists at the University of Washington's Center for Ecosystem Sentinels and published Feb.
Rising river temperatures hold important clues about climate and other human impacts
An improved global understanding of river temperature could provide an important barometer for climate change and other human activities. River temperature is the fundamental water quality measure that regulates physical, chemical and biological processes in flowing waters and, in turn, impacts ecosystems, human health, and industrial, domestic and recreational uses by people.
An improved global understanding of river temperature could provide an important barometer for climate change and other human activities. River temperature is the fundamental water quality measure that regulates physical, chemical and biological processes in flowing waters and, in turn, impacts ecosystems, human health, and industrial, domestic and recreational uses by people.
Science can prevent extinctions for species on the brink of death
Forget resuscitating the dodo, let's try to save species that are still alive New research examining the perilous state of dying species calls for urgent international conservation efforts to develop unified management plans that could help plants and animals return from the brink of extinction. The study, published today in Science , found species categorised as extinct in the wild (EW) - populations solely found outside their natural habitat, such as in captivity - could have their declines prevented and reversed with urgent international effort.
Forget resuscitating the dodo, let's try to save species that are still alive New research examining the perilous state of dying species calls for urgent international conservation efforts to develop unified management plans that could help plants and animals return from the brink of extinction. The study, published today in Science , found species categorised as extinct in the wild (EW) - populations solely found outside their natural habitat, such as in captivity - could have their declines prevented and reversed with urgent international effort.
Microphones could help track disease risk in the wild
Researchers have shown how sounds recorded by low-cost microphones could be used to help track infectious disease risks in the rainforest and in other rapidly changing landscapes. The study - published in Trends in Parasitology and led by the University of Glasgow - discusses how listening to the sounds of an ecosystem can inform our understanding of factors that drive the spread of disease between animals and people.
Researchers have shown how sounds recorded by low-cost microphones could be used to help track infectious disease risks in the rainforest and in other rapidly changing landscapes. The study - published in Trends in Parasitology and led by the University of Glasgow - discusses how listening to the sounds of an ecosystem can inform our understanding of factors that drive the spread of disease between animals and people.
Carbon sequestration is at risk of destabilisation in large regions of the planet
Recerca The Mediterranean region, the eastern part of East Africa, the western coasts of North and Central America, India, Pakistan and Southeast Asia are the regions of the planet where the carbon sequestration process is most at risk of destabilisation, according to a study published in the journal Nature .
Recerca The Mediterranean region, the eastern part of East Africa, the western coasts of North and Central America, India, Pakistan and Southeast Asia are the regions of the planet where the carbon sequestration process is most at risk of destabilisation, according to a study published in the journal Nature .
Scientists discover new superacid
Scientists discover new superacid: Substance converts harmful compounds into sustainably usable chemicals Scientists at the University of Paderborn have succeeded in producing very special catalysts, so-called Lewis superacids, with the help of which strong chemical bonds can be split and reactions accelerated.
Scientists discover new superacid: Substance converts harmful compounds into sustainably usable chemicals Scientists at the University of Paderborn have succeeded in producing very special catalysts, so-called Lewis superacids, with the help of which strong chemical bonds can be split and reactions accelerated.
War in Ukraine could escalate the global land rush
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Seabirds in the eye of the storm
Tolerance to strong winds and storm avoidance strategy differs among seabird species Hurricanes are becoming more intense due to the climate crisis. Therefore, researchers from the Max Planck Institute for Animal Behavior in Germany and Swansea University in the United Kingdom have studied the wind speeds that different seabird species can withstand.
Tolerance to strong winds and storm avoidance strategy differs among seabird species Hurricanes are becoming more intense due to the climate crisis. Therefore, researchers from the Max Planck Institute for Animal Behavior in Germany and Swansea University in the United Kingdom have studied the wind speeds that different seabird species can withstand.
Origins of mysterious patterns created by salt deserts
The curious landscapes formed by dried out salt lakes are caused by the movement of fluids in the soil beneath the surface, according to new research published today. The characteristic honeycomb patterns are found worldwide, including in Death Valley in California where they attract tens of thousands of tourists.
The curious landscapes formed by dried out salt lakes are caused by the movement of fluids in the soil beneath the surface, according to new research published today. The characteristic honeycomb patterns are found worldwide, including in Death Valley in California where they attract tens of thousands of tourists.
People in urban areas have worse hay fever symptoms, analysis suggests
People living in urban areas report significantly worse hay fever symptoms according to the first study to compare pollution levels with the severity and duration of real-time symptoms. The University of Manchester led team studied 36,145 symptom reports submitted over 5 years - from 2016 to 2020 - by over 700 Britons using a citizen science application called Britain Breathing.
People living in urban areas report significantly worse hay fever symptoms according to the first study to compare pollution levels with the severity and duration of real-time symptoms. The University of Manchester led team studied 36,145 symptom reports submitted over 5 years - from 2016 to 2020 - by over 700 Britons using a citizen science application called Britain Breathing.
Parents are unintentionally heating up prams: here’s what you need to know
A University of Sydney study finds common strategies used to protect infants from the heat can warm up a pram by almost 4 degrees Celsius. The researchers recommend new strategies to keep infants cool as temperatures soar. In line with current advice, the scientists found that covering a pram with a dry flannel or muslin wrap heated up the pram by up to 3.7 degrees Celsius.
A University of Sydney study finds common strategies used to protect infants from the heat can warm up a pram by almost 4 degrees Celsius. The researchers recommend new strategies to keep infants cool as temperatures soar. In line with current advice, the scientists found that covering a pram with a dry flannel or muslin wrap heated up the pram by up to 3.7 degrees Celsius.
Passerine bird takes advantage of human settlements
Daurian redstarts move closer to humans to protect their nests from brood parasitism Daurian redstarts move their nesting sites closer to or even inside human settlements when cuckoos are around. In doing so, they actively protect their nest against brood parasitism, as cuckoos avoid human settlements.
Daurian redstarts move closer to humans to protect their nests from brood parasitism Daurian redstarts move their nesting sites closer to or even inside human settlements when cuckoos are around. In doing so, they actively protect their nest against brood parasitism, as cuckoos avoid human settlements.
A study establishes the appropriate level of irrigation for a more profitable and sustainable almond crop
Scientists from the Desertification Research centre (UV-CSIC-GVA) have analysed the irrigation strategies of the almond tree, in order to determine the optimum water levels for this crop. The analysis serves to establish sustainable irrigation protocols under semi-arid conditions such as those found in Spain, the world's second largest producer of almonds.
Scientists from the Desertification Research centre (UV-CSIC-GVA) have analysed the irrigation strategies of the almond tree, in order to determine the optimum water levels for this crop. The analysis serves to establish sustainable irrigation protocols under semi-arid conditions such as those found in Spain, the world's second largest producer of almonds.
Detecting the impact of drought on plants with user-friendly and inexpensive techniques
Recerca Climate change is aggravating the impact of droughts —one of the factors that only affect plant physiology— on all plant ecosystems worldwide. Although new tools have been developed to detect and assess drought stress in plants —transcriptomic or metabolomic technologies, etc.— they are still difficult to apply in natural ecosystems, especially in remote areas and developing countries.
Recerca Climate change is aggravating the impact of droughts —one of the factors that only affect plant physiology— on all plant ecosystems worldwide. Although new tools have been developed to detect and assess drought stress in plants —transcriptomic or metabolomic technologies, etc.— they are still difficult to apply in natural ecosystems, especially in remote areas and developing countries.
Accuracy at risk as governments reject specialist mapping tools
Governments are not using the latest mapping technology to report key environmental data about tropical forests to the UN, say researchers. Under what is known as the UN's Global Stocktake , set up as part of the Paris Agreement, governments report on the level of carbon emitted or removed in forested areas.
Governments are not using the latest mapping technology to report key environmental data about tropical forests to the UN, say researchers. Under what is known as the UN's Global Stocktake , set up as part of the Paris Agreement, governments report on the level of carbon emitted or removed in forested areas.
Bioplastic bottles also keep cooking oil fresh for a long time
No transfer of compounds from the bottle material into the Él detected Bottles made of bioplastic protect cooking oil from oxidative spoilage (rancidity) to a similar extent as PET bottles. In addition, even less taste- and odor-impairing substances were formed. This is the result of a recent study published in the journal "Food Packaging and Shelf Life" by researchers led by Marc Pignitter from the Faculty of Chemistry at the University of Vienna.
No transfer of compounds from the bottle material into the Él detected Bottles made of bioplastic protect cooking oil from oxidative spoilage (rancidity) to a similar extent as PET bottles. In addition, even less taste- and odor-impairing substances were formed. This is the result of a recent study published in the journal "Food Packaging and Shelf Life" by researchers led by Marc Pignitter from the Faculty of Chemistry at the University of Vienna.
Symbiotic fungi produce attractants for bark beetles
When metabolizing spruce bark, the insect's fungal partners release volatile compounds that bark beetles recognize through specialized olfactory sensory neurons In a new study, an international research team led by the researchers from the Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology demonstrates that the European spruce bark beetle Ips typographus uses volatile fungal metabolites of plant defense substances as important chemical signals in their attack on spruce trees.
When metabolizing spruce bark, the insect's fungal partners release volatile compounds that bark beetles recognize through specialized olfactory sensory neurons In a new study, an international research team led by the researchers from the Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology demonstrates that the European spruce bark beetle Ips typographus uses volatile fungal metabolites of plant defense substances as important chemical signals in their attack on spruce trees.
A more sustainable way to generate phosphorus
MIT chemists found a way to cut the carbon footprint of producing white phosphorus, an ingredient in many consumer products. Close Phosphorus is an essential ingredient in thousands of products, including herbicides, lithium-ion batteries, and even soft drinks. Most of this phosphorus comes from an energy-intensive process that contributes significantly to global carbon emissions.
MIT chemists found a way to cut the carbon footprint of producing white phosphorus, an ingredient in many consumer products. Close Phosphorus is an essential ingredient in thousands of products, including herbicides, lithium-ion batteries, and even soft drinks. Most of this phosphorus comes from an energy-intensive process that contributes significantly to global carbon emissions.
The complex interplay behind great heat
Many regions have suffered from heatwaves in recent years. But exactly how these form is still a matter of debate. Two researchers at ETH Zurich have now found a nuanced answer. Unusually hot weather in India and Pakistan at the end of March; a long, warmer-than-average summer in central Europe; extreme December temperatures in northern Argentina, Uruguay and Paraguay: 2022 was definitely a year of heat waves.
Many regions have suffered from heatwaves in recent years. But exactly how these form is still a matter of debate. Two researchers at ETH Zurich have now found a nuanced answer. Unusually hot weather in India and Pakistan at the end of March; a long, warmer-than-average summer in central Europe; extreme December temperatures in northern Argentina, Uruguay and Paraguay: 2022 was definitely a year of heat waves.
Clever orchard design for more nuts
International research team investigates pollination performance in macadamia plantations To reduce biodiversity loss in agricultural landscapes, more sustainable and environmentally friendly agricultural practices are needed. A research team from the Universities of Göttingen and Hohenheim in Germany, and Venda in South Africa, investigated how ecosystem services such as pollination could be improved in macadamia plantations.
International research team investigates pollination performance in macadamia plantations To reduce biodiversity loss in agricultural landscapes, more sustainable and environmentally friendly agricultural practices are needed. A research team from the Universities of Göttingen and Hohenheim in Germany, and Venda in South Africa, investigated how ecosystem services such as pollination could be improved in macadamia plantations.
Environment - Mar 27
'It's very special to realize that my research really means something to people'
'It's very special to realize that my research really means something to people'
Life Sciences - Mar 27
U-M grad student receives national award for research on rewiring the brains of fruit flies
U-M grad student receives national award for research on rewiring the brains of fruit flies