News in Brief
Transport - Sep 21
Whittle Lab research key for accelerating the development of zero-carbon flight, says Prince of Wales
Whittle Lab research key for accelerating the development of zero-carbon flight, says Prince of Wales
Life Sciences - Sep 21
Discovery of a druggable pocket in the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein could stop virus in its tracks
Discovery of a druggable pocket in the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein could stop virus in its tracks
Health - Sep 21
As nation mourns Ruth Bader Ginsburg, a look at advances in pancreatic cancer treatment
As nation mourns Ruth Bader Ginsburg, a look at advances in pancreatic cancer treatment
Career - Sep 21
Lockdown could have lasting effect on survivors of sexual violence and the services that support them, experts argue
Lockdown could have lasting effect on survivors of sexual violence and the services that support them, experts argue
Economics - Sep 21
Oakland County’s economy hit during pandemic, but it’s well-positioned for recovery
Oakland County’s economy hit during pandemic, but it’s well-positioned for recovery
Health - Sep 21
Novartis Kisqali receives the highest rating of any CDK4/6 inhibitor on the ESMO Magnitude of Clinical Benefit Scale
Novartis Kisqali receives the highest rating of any CDK4/6 inhibitor on the ESMO Magnitude of Clinical Benefit Scale
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Astronomy / Space Science - Physics - 08:33 
Gravity causes homogeneity of the universe
"During its expansion, the universe evolved towards its present state, which is homogeneous and isotropic on large scales. This is inferred, among other things, from the measurement of the so-called background radiation as nicely seen in the full sky image of the WMAP data.
Physics - Electroengineering - 08:01 
Customising an electronic material
Scientists have gained a fundamental understanding of a highly promising material that could be suited to future data storage applications. Their experiments with strontium-iridium oxide, Sr2IrO 4 , investigated both the magnetic and electronic properties of the material as a thin film. They also analysed how these properties can be systematically controlled by manipulating the films.
Physics - Astronomy / Space Science - 21.09.2020
Astronomy / Space Science - Physics - 21.09.2020 
Comet Chury’s ultraviolet aurora
On Earth, auroras, also called northern lights, have always fascinated people. An international consortium involving the University of Bern has now discovered such auroras in the ultraviolet wavelength range at comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, Chury for short. This phenomenon was detected thanks to the analysis of data from the European Space Agency ESA's Rosetta mission.
Physics - Chemistry - 18.09.2020 
Shape matters for light-activated nanocatalysts
Study: Pointed tips on aluminum 'octopods' increase catalytic reactivity Points matter when designing nanoparticles that drive important chemical reactions using the power of light. A study of aluminum nanocatalysts by Rice University's Laboratory for Nanophotonics found that octopods (left), six-sided particles with sharply pointed corners, had a reaction rate five times higher than nanocubes (center) and 10 times higher than 14-sided nanocrystals.
Physics - Chemistry - 17.09.2020 
Lighting the way to infrared detection
Physicists propose a new path to detect infrared radiation with outstanding sensitivity, allowing detection of signals as low as that of a single quantum of light. When using our webcam or cell phone camera, we experience the tremendous capabilities of cheap and compact sensors developed in the past decades for the visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum.
Physics - Materials Science - 17.09.2020 
"Honey, I shrunk the detector"
Silicon chip (approx. 3 mm x 6 mm) with multiple detectors. The fine black engravings on the surface of the chip are the photonics circuits interconnecting the detectors (not visible with bare eyes). In the background a larger scale photonics circuit on a silicon wafer. Researchers have developed the world's smallest ultrasound detector Researchers at the Technical University of Munich (TUM) and Helmholtz Zentrum München have developed the world's smallest ultrasound detector.
Earth Sciences - Physics - 17.09.2020 
Detaching and uplifting, not bulldozing
Researchers have used a computer model to test a new hypothesis about the formation of the Alps while simulating seismic activity in Switzerland. This will help improve current earthquake risk models. For a long time, geoscientists have assumed that the Alps were formed when the Adriatic plate from the south collided with the Eurasian plate in the north.
Physics - Electroengineering - 14.09.2020 
Physicists Discover New Magnetoelectric Effect
In a very unusual way, the electrical and magnetic properties of a particular crystal are linked together - the phenomenon was discovered and explained at TU Wien (Vienna). Electricity and magnetism are closely related: Power lines generate a magnetic field, rotating magnets in a generator produce electricity.
Physics - 14.09.2020
Astronomy / Space Science - Physics - 14.09.2020 
Hints of life on Venus
Synthesized false colour image of Venus, using 283-nm and 365-nm band images taken by the Venus Ultraviolet Imager (UVI). JAXA / ISAS / Akatsuki Project Team An international team of astronomers, led by Professor Jane Greaves of Cardiff University, today announced the discovery of a rare molecule - phosphine - in the clouds of Venus.
Physics - Materials Science - 10.09.2020 
Computational modelling explains why blues and greens are brightest colours in nature
Researchers have shown why intense, pure red colours in nature are mainly produced by pigments, instead of the structural colour that produces bright blue and green hues.
Astronomy / Space Science - Physics - 10.09.2020 
Holding up a mirror to a dark matter discrepancy
The universe's funhouse mirrors are revealing a difference between how dark matter behaves in theory and how it appears to act in reality. Dark matter is the invisible glue that keeps stars bound together inside a galaxy. It makes up most of a galaxy's mass and creates an invisible scaffold that tethers galaxies to form clusters.
Computer Science - Physics - 09.09.2020 
Artificial intelligence explains hydrogen's behavior on giant planets
Using computer simulations powered by machine-learning algorithms EPFL scientists have made an important breakthrough in understanding how hydrogen behaves on Saturn and Jupiter. The giant planets in our solar system are made mainly of hydrogen, mostly in a liquid state. Near the planets- surface, hydrogen exists in an insulating, molecular form - H2 - but closer to the center, it takes on a metallic form where individual atoms can move around freely.
Physics - Astronomy / Space Science - 09.09.2020
Astronomy / Space Science - Physics - 09.09.2020 
Revealing the secrets of high-energy cosmic particles
P-ONE: Initiative for a new, large-scale Neutrino Observatory in the Pacific Ocean The "IceCube" neutrino observatory deep in the ice of the South Pole has already brought spectacular new insights into cosmic incidents of extremely high energies. In order to investigate the cosmic origins of elementary particles with even higher energies, Prof. Elisa Resconi from the Technical University of Munich (TUM) has now started an international initiative to build a neutrino telescope several cubic kilometers in size in the northeastern Pacific.
Astronomy / Space Science - Physics - 09.09.2020
Astronomy / Space Science - Physics - 09.09.2020 
Lead Lab Selected for Next-Generation Cosmic Microwave Background Experiment
U.S. DOE selects Berkeley Lab to lead DOE/NSF experiment that combines observatories at the South Pole and in Chile's high desert The largest collaborative undertaking yet to explore the relic light emitted by the infant universe has taken a step forward with the U.S. Department of Energy's selection of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) to lead the partnership of national labs, universities, and other institutions that will carry out the DOE roles and responsibilities for the effort.
Physics - Computer Science - 09.09.2020 
Seeing objects through clouds and fog
Using a new algorithm, Stanford researchers have reconstructed the movements of individual particles of light to see through clouds, fog and other obstructions. Like a comic book come to life, researchers at Stanford University have developed a kind of X-ray vision - only without the X-rays. Working with hardware similar to what enables autonomous cars to "see" the world around them, the researchers enhanced their system with a highly efficient algorithm that can reconstruct three-dimensional hidden scenes based on the movement of individual particles of light, or photons.
Astronomy / Space Science - Physics - 08.09.2020
Physics
Results 1 - 20 of 4328.
"During its expansion, the universe evolved towards its present state, which is homogeneous and isotropic on large scales. This is inferred, among other things, from the measurement of the so-called background radiation as nicely seen in the full sky image of the WMAP data.
Scientists have gained a fundamental understanding of a highly promising material that could be suited to future data storage applications. Their experiments with strontium-iridium oxide, Sr2IrO 4 , investigated both the magnetic and electronic properties of the material as a thin film. They also analysed how these properties can be systematically controlled by manipulating the films.
Can ripples on the sun help predict solar flares?
An X-class solar flare (X9.3) emitted on September 6, 2017, and captured by NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory in extreme ultraviolet light. (Image courtesy of NASA/GSFC/SDO) Solar flares are violent explosions on the sun that fling out high-energy charged particles, sometimes toward Earth, where they disrupt communications and endanger satellites and astronauts.
An X-class solar flare (X9.3) emitted on September 6, 2017, and captured by NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory in extreme ultraviolet light. (Image courtesy of NASA/GSFC/SDO) Solar flares are violent explosions on the sun that fling out high-energy charged particles, sometimes toward Earth, where they disrupt communications and endanger satellites and astronauts.
On Earth, auroras, also called northern lights, have always fascinated people. An international consortium involving the University of Bern has now discovered such auroras in the ultraviolet wavelength range at comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, Chury for short. This phenomenon was detected thanks to the analysis of data from the European Space Agency ESA's Rosetta mission.
Study: Pointed tips on aluminum 'octopods' increase catalytic reactivity Points matter when designing nanoparticles that drive important chemical reactions using the power of light. A study of aluminum nanocatalysts by Rice University's Laboratory for Nanophotonics found that octopods (left), six-sided particles with sharply pointed corners, had a reaction rate five times higher than nanocubes (center) and 10 times higher than 14-sided nanocrystals.
Physicists propose a new path to detect infrared radiation with outstanding sensitivity, allowing detection of signals as low as that of a single quantum of light. When using our webcam or cell phone camera, we experience the tremendous capabilities of cheap and compact sensors developed in the past decades for the visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum.
Silicon chip (approx. 3 mm x 6 mm) with multiple detectors. The fine black engravings on the surface of the chip are the photonics circuits interconnecting the detectors (not visible with bare eyes). In the background a larger scale photonics circuit on a silicon wafer. Researchers have developed the world's smallest ultrasound detector Researchers at the Technical University of Munich (TUM) and Helmholtz Zentrum München have developed the world's smallest ultrasound detector.
Researchers have used a computer model to test a new hypothesis about the formation of the Alps while simulating seismic activity in Switzerland. This will help improve current earthquake risk models. For a long time, geoscientists have assumed that the Alps were formed when the Adriatic plate from the south collided with the Eurasian plate in the north.
In a very unusual way, the electrical and magnetic properties of a particular crystal are linked together - the phenomenon was discovered and explained at TU Wien (Vienna). Electricity and magnetism are closely related: Power lines generate a magnetic field, rotating magnets in a generator produce electricity.
Flat bands appear in buckled graphene superlattices
Recent research published by the CMT group in collaboration with Rutgers University uncover a novel way of achieving flat bands in through strain superlattices. An international team led by researchers at Rutgers University in the US has found a way to create “flat? electronic bands - that is, electron states in which there is no relationship between the electrons' energy and velocity - in graphene simply by causing the material to buckle.
Recent research published by the CMT group in collaboration with Rutgers University uncover a novel way of achieving flat bands in through strain superlattices. An international team led by researchers at Rutgers University in the US has found a way to create “flat? electronic bands - that is, electron states in which there is no relationship between the electrons' energy and velocity - in graphene simply by causing the material to buckle.
Synthesized false colour image of Venus, using 283-nm and 365-nm band images taken by the Venus Ultraviolet Imager (UVI). JAXA / ISAS / Akatsuki Project Team An international team of astronomers, led by Professor Jane Greaves of Cardiff University, today announced the discovery of a rare molecule - phosphine - in the clouds of Venus.
Researchers have shown why intense, pure red colours in nature are mainly produced by pigments, instead of the structural colour that produces bright blue and green hues.
The universe's funhouse mirrors are revealing a difference between how dark matter behaves in theory and how it appears to act in reality. Dark matter is the invisible glue that keeps stars bound together inside a galaxy. It makes up most of a galaxy's mass and creates an invisible scaffold that tethers galaxies to form clusters.
Using computer simulations powered by machine-learning algorithms EPFL scientists have made an important breakthrough in understanding how hydrogen behaves on Saturn and Jupiter. The giant planets in our solar system are made mainly of hydrogen, mostly in a liquid state. Near the planets- surface, hydrogen exists in an insulating, molecular form - H2 - but closer to the center, it takes on a metallic form where individual atoms can move around freely.
AI shows how hydrogen becomes a metal inside giant planets
Researchers have used a combination of AI and quantum mechanics to reveal how hydrogen gradually turns into a metal in giant planets. The existence of metallic hydrogen was theorised a century ago, but what we haven't known is how this process occurs Bingqing Cheng Dense metallic hydrogen - a phase of hydrogen which behaves like an electrical conductor - makes up the interior of giant planets, but it is difficult to study and poorly understood.
Researchers have used a combination of AI and quantum mechanics to reveal how hydrogen gradually turns into a metal in giant planets. The existence of metallic hydrogen was theorised a century ago, but what we haven't known is how this process occurs Bingqing Cheng Dense metallic hydrogen - a phase of hydrogen which behaves like an electrical conductor - makes up the interior of giant planets, but it is difficult to study and poorly understood.
P-ONE: Initiative for a new, large-scale Neutrino Observatory in the Pacific Ocean The "IceCube" neutrino observatory deep in the ice of the South Pole has already brought spectacular new insights into cosmic incidents of extremely high energies. In order to investigate the cosmic origins of elementary particles with even higher energies, Prof. Elisa Resconi from the Technical University of Munich (TUM) has now started an international initiative to build a neutrino telescope several cubic kilometers in size in the northeastern Pacific.
Massive halo finally explains stream of gas swirling around the Milky Way
A view of the gas in the Magellanic System as it would appear in the night sky. The Magellanic Corona covers the entire sky while the Magellanic Stream is seen as gas flowing away from the two dwarf galaxies, the Large and the Small Magellanic Clouds. This image, taken directly from the numerical simulations, has been modified slightly for aesthetics.
A view of the gas in the Magellanic System as it would appear in the night sky. The Magellanic Corona covers the entire sky while the Magellanic Stream is seen as gas flowing away from the two dwarf galaxies, the Large and the Small Magellanic Clouds. This image, taken directly from the numerical simulations, has been modified slightly for aesthetics.
U.S. DOE selects Berkeley Lab to lead DOE/NSF experiment that combines observatories at the South Pole and in Chile's high desert The largest collaborative undertaking yet to explore the relic light emitted by the infant universe has taken a step forward with the U.S. Department of Energy's selection of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) to lead the partnership of national labs, universities, and other institutions that will carry out the DOE roles and responsibilities for the effort.
Using a new algorithm, Stanford researchers have reconstructed the movements of individual particles of light to see through clouds, fog and other obstructions. Like a comic book come to life, researchers at Stanford University have developed a kind of X-ray vision - only without the X-rays. Working with hardware similar to what enables autonomous cars to "see" the world around them, the researchers enhanced their system with a highly efficient algorithm that can reconstruct three-dimensional hidden scenes based on the movement of individual particles of light, or photons.
UChicago to partner with Berkeley Lab to build next-gen cosmic microwave background experiment
The largest collaborative undertaking yet to explore the relic light emitted by the infant universe has taken a step forward with the selection of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory to lead the U.S. Department of Energy's portion of the project. This next-generation experiment, known as CMB-S4, or Cosmic Microwave Background Stage 4 , will unite several existing collaborations to survey the microwave sky in unprecedented detail.
The largest collaborative undertaking yet to explore the relic light emitted by the infant universe has taken a step forward with the selection of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory to lead the U.S. Department of Energy's portion of the project. This next-generation experiment, known as CMB-S4, or Cosmic Microwave Background Stage 4 , will unite several existing collaborations to survey the microwave sky in unprecedented detail.
News in Brief
Transport - Sep 21
Whittle Lab research key for accelerating the development of zero-carbon flight, says Prince of Wales
Whittle Lab research key for accelerating the development of zero-carbon flight, says Prince of Wales
Life Sciences - Sep 21
Discovery of a druggable pocket in the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein could stop virus in its tracks
Discovery of a druggable pocket in the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein could stop virus in its tracks
Health - Sep 21
As nation mourns Ruth Bader Ginsburg, a look at advances in pancreatic cancer treatment
As nation mourns Ruth Bader Ginsburg, a look at advances in pancreatic cancer treatment
Career - Sep 21
Lockdown could have lasting effect on survivors of sexual violence and the services that support them, experts argue
Lockdown could have lasting effect on survivors of sexual violence and the services that support them, experts argue
Economics - Sep 21
Oakland County’s economy hit during pandemic, but it’s well-positioned for recovery
Oakland County’s economy hit during pandemic, but it’s well-positioned for recovery
Health - Sep 21
Novartis Kisqali receives the highest rating of any CDK4/6 inhibitor on the ESMO Magnitude of Clinical Benefit Scale
Novartis Kisqali receives the highest rating of any CDK4/6 inhibitor on the ESMO Magnitude of Clinical Benefit Scale