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Antibody-producing cells discovered inside the nasal conchae may help develop new nasal vaccinations and treatments for allergies and nervous system disorders The nose is a major gateway to our bodies - for the air we breathe, the aromas we smell and the microbes that make us sick. On its way in, the air passes through nasal conchae, or turbinates - the long, narrow, curled shelves of bone that look like a shell and protrude into the breathing passage.

Researchers from the Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM) and the Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge in Barcelona have discovered a spontaneous response of the brain of adult rats after stroke that facilitates neurological and motor recovery. The study reveals an increase in oligodendrocytes that promotes remyelination of damaged tissue.

Immune cells in the brain form bridges to nerve cells and protect against neurodegenerative diseases When nerve cells in the brain die, diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's develop. To protect these cells, there are immune cells in the brain known as microglia. A study has now shown that microglia form tiny tubes, so-called -tunnelling nanotubes-, and thus connect directly to the nerve cells.

In a collaborative project between the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and the Interdisciplinary Centre for Bioinformatics (IZBI) at Leipzig University, changes in gene expression in sebaceous glands have been spatially mapped for the first time. The study documents at high resolution changes in gene expression in the course of sebum synthesis and identifies new candidates for the modulation of sebum production.

Nine countries took part in the study, led locally by Associate Professor Catherine Grueber. In Australia, genetic data is helping inform management of the numbat and other threatened species. Australian scientists have contributed to a global study into how to monitor genetic diversity, a vital measure to check the viability of species and their ecosystems.

Research team achieves breakthrough: chemical synthesis of high-density RNA microarrays now faster and more efficient An international research team led by the University of Vienna has succeeded in developing a new version of RNA building blocks with higher chemical reactivity and photosensitivity. This can significantly reduce the production time of RNA chips used in biotechnological and medical research.

Datasets that are too small may lead researchers to overlook relationships between the brain and behavior, a new study finds. When designing machine learning models, researchers first train the models to recognize data patterns and then test their effectiveness. But if the datasets used to train and test aren't sufficiently large, models may appear to be less capable than they actually are, a new Yale study reports.

Datasets that are too small may lead researchers to overlook relationships between the brain and behavior, a new study finds. When designing machine learning models, researchers first train the models to recognize data patterns and then test their effectiveness. But if the datasets used to train and test aren't sufficiently large, models may appear to be less capable than they actually are, a new Yale study reports.

Study: Genome and life-history evolution link bird diversification to the end-Cretaceous extinction (DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adp0114) Shortly after an asteroid slammed into Earth 66 million years ago, life for non-avian dinosaurs ended, but the evolutionary story for the early ancestors of birds began.

Scientists are using new technology to help endangered animals by listening to their sounds. The research, conducted by The University of Warwick and the University of New South Wales in Australia, analyses animal sounds from endangered species including types of elephants, whales and birds. It uses a new method adapted from tech used to analyse brain waves in neuroscience.

Variations in genetic material allow the water flea to defend itself against parasites, forcing the parasites to adapt. This coevolutionary loop has been running for at least 15 million years, as researchers at the University of Basel have demonstrated. Hosts and their parasites are in constant competition.

Researchers have modified certain bacteria with UV light so that they produce more cellulose. The basis for this is a new approach with which the researchers generate thousands of bacterial variants and select those that have developed into the most productive. Bacteria produce materials that are of interest to humans, such as cellulose, silk and minerals.

A mathematical method, validated with experimental data, provides a fast, reliable, and minimally invasive way of determining how to treat critical blood pressure changes during surgery or intensive care. If patients receiving intensive care or undergoing major surgery develop excessively high or low blood pressures, they could suffer severe organ dysfunction.

Study shows compound can mitigate depression, anxiety and 'amotivational syndrome' from chronic cannabis use Researchers at Western have found an over-the-counter natural health product may help counteract the negative effects of heavy cannabis use among adolescents aged 12 to 17, including depression, anxiety and diminished motivation in adulthood.

Two close relatives of SARS-CoV-2 have reduced transmission potential, a new study finds. Understanding why could help identify future pandemic threats. Two of the closest known relatives to SARS-CoV-2 - a pair of bat coronaviruses discovered by researchers in Laos - may transmit poorly in people despite being genetically similar to the COVID-19-causing virus, a new Yale study reveals.

Scientists have invented a new way to deliver treatment into the brain using a parasite. The study - led by the University of Glasgow in collaboration with Tel Aviv University and an international team of researchers, and published in Nature Microbiology - has also made the first successful step in finding out whether the parasites could be engineered for this purpose.

Elon Musk recently declared on X that Blindsight, a cortical implant to restore vision, would have low resolution at first "but may ultimately exceed normal human vision." That pronouncement is unrealistic at best, according to new research from the University of Washington. Ione Fine , lead author and UW professor of psychology, said Musk's projection for the latest Neuralink project rests on the flawed premise that implanting millions of tiny electrodes into the visual cortex, the region of the brain that processes information received from the eye, will result in high-resolution vision.

In an important study for understanding how memories are made, scientists show that the flexibility of chromatin - packaged DNA inside the cell - plays a crucial role in "deciding" which neurons are involved in forming a specific memory. When we form a new memory, the brain undergoes physical and functional changes known collectively as a "memory trace".

Scientists have discovered a way to control mutation rates in bacteria, paving the way for new strategies to combat antibiotic resistance. Antibiotics are given to kill bad bacteria, however with just one mutation a bacteria can evolve to become resistant to that antibiotic, making common infections potentially fatal.

Proteins in the blood could predict the onset of many diverse diseases, according to a new study involving UCL researchers. The research team, who measured thousands of proteins in a drop of blood, report the ability of protein 'signatures' to predict the onset of 67 diseases including multiple myeloma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, motor neurone disease, pulmonary fibrosis, and dilated cardiomyopathy.