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Study: Adolescent use, diversion sources, and perceived difficulty of obtaining prescription medications (DOI: 10.1001/jama. Since 2009, U.S. high school seniors have reported steep declines in medical use, misuse and availability of the three most commonly prescribed and misused controlled substances for teens, a new University of Michigan study found.

Study: Psychosocial Well-Being Differences Between the Young Old, Old-Old, and Oldest Old: A Global Comparison The oldest North Americans are among the happiest in the world despite increased depression and loneliness among their peers in other regions, according to a recent University of Michigan study.

Taking advantage of the transformer neural networks that power large language models, engineers can get recipes for materials with the optical properties they need Study: OptoGPT: A foundation model for inverse design in optical multilayer thin film structures (DOI: 10.29026/oea. Solar cell, telescope and other optical component manufacturers may be able to design better devices more quickly with AI.

Study: Go Negative for Clicks: Negative Sentiment in Environmental Advocacy Emails Is Associated with Increased Public Engagement People find it hard to resist negative messages. A recent University of Michigan study reveals that recipients are more likely to engage with emails containing negative sentiment sent by the Environmental Defense Fund, a U.S. based nonprofit organization.

A shift in Antarctica's melting trends and slushy Arctic ice pushes warming from changing sea ice toward the upper limits of climate model estimates Study: Earth's Sea Ice Radiative Effect from 1980 to 2023 (DOI: 10.1029/2024GL109608) As sea ice disappears and grows less reflective, the Arctic has lost around a quarter of its cooling power since 1980, and the world has lost up to 15%, according to new research led by University of Michigan scientists.

Researchers at the University of Michigan have found a way to examine tiny structures, such as bacteria and genes, with reduced damage compared to traditional light sources. The new technique involves spectroscopy, which is the study of how matter absorbs and emits light and other forms of radiation, and it takes advantage of quantum mechanics to study the structure and dynamics of molecules in ways that are not possible using conventional light sources.

Research shows far-reaching costs of eviction filings to tenants-regardless of the outcome in court Study: Record Costs: Collateral Consequences of Eviction Court Filings in Pennsylvania A new study from the University of Michigan documents the far-reaching costs of eviction filings for Pennsylvania tenants who had eviction cases filed against them but experienced a "best-case scenario- in court, meaning they had legal representation and their cases were dismissed, withdrawn, or won.

New research demonstrates potential for increasing effectiveness of popular diabetes, weight-loss drugs Study: Subthreshold activation of the melanocortin system causes generalized sensitization to anorectic agents in mice (DOI: 10.1172/JCI178250) A network of proteins found in the central nervous system could be harnessed to increase the effectiveness and reduce the side effects of popular diabetes and weight-loss drugs, according to new research from the University of Michigan.

The flow of water within a muscle fiber may dictate how quickly muscle can contract, according to a University of Michigan study. Nearly all'animals use muscle to move, and it's been known for a long time that muscle, like all'other cells, is composed of about 70% water. But researchers don't know what sets the range and upper limits of muscle performance.

Borrowing methods from biology, a team of scientists and engineers designed and tested an electrolyte that keeps battery power delivery high, cycle after cycle Study: Omics-enabled understanding of electric aircraft battery electrolytes (DOI: 10.1016/j.joule. A battery component innovation could help keep power delivery high when electric aircraft land with low charge, according to a study led by Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory with expertise from the University of Michigan.

Up to 60% of near-Earth objects could be dark comets, mysterious asteroids that orbit the sun in our solar system that likely contain or previously contained ice and could have been one route for delivering water to Earth, according to a University of Michigan study.

Study: Inulin-gel-based oral immunotherapy remodels the small intestinal microbiome and suppresses food allergy ( doi.org/10.1038/s41563'024 -01909-w ) A study from the University of Michigan has identified a potential new treatment for food allergies in inulin, a naturally occurring plant fiber commonly used as a supplement, a prebiotic in soda, and a replacement for sweeteners and for other products and purposes.

Job candidates often seek any advantage to secure employment, and a new study investigates a less-than-typical source: retweets from researchers on social media. The University of Michigan study indicates that when prominent economists retweet job market papers-which are doctoral students' main academic work for job applications-with comments, it significantly boosts visibility and recognition for candidates.

Not drinking today? Study reveals why young adult drinkers choose alcohol-free days Understanding the reasons why young adults choose not to drink on certain days may inform prevention and intervention programs aimed at reducing the harms associated with alcohol consequences. Although alcohol use is declining among young adults, rates of hazardous drinking and its harmful consequences remain high.

Study: Cenozoic seeds of Vitaceae reveal a deep history of extinction and dispersal in the Neotropics The ancestor of Vitoid grapes that gave rise to commercial grapes likely originated in the New World, in the tropical belt of the Americas and the Caribbean, 60 million years ago, according to a study co-authored by a University of Michigan researcher.

Study: Visible-light-mediated aza Paterné-Büchi reaction of acyclic oximes and alkenes to azetidines University of Michigan chemists have discovered a way to use visible light to synthesize a class of compounds particularly well suited for use in pharmaceuticals. The class of compounds, called azetidines, had been previously identified as a good candidate to build therapeutic drugs, but the compounds are difficult to produce in chemical reactions.

A handful of common surgical procedures account for large shares of all'opioids dispensed after surgery in children and adults, according to two studies recently published by researchers at the University of Michigan. The studies, published this week in Pediatrics and JAMA Network Open , report that the top three procedures for children ages 0-11 account for 59% of opioids dispensed after surgery (tonsillectomies and adenoidectomies 50%, upper extremity fractures 5% and removal of deep implants 4%).

Study: Intake of Snacks and Sweets in a National Study of Built and Social Environments: The REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke Study People living in lower-income neighborhoods and in areas without local food stores eat more snacks and sweets than those in higher-income areas and in neighborhoods with many food stores, a new study shows.

Researchers investigate how extreme temperatures affect men and women differently, highlighting greater risks for women due to social and physiological factors Are heat waves more deadly for women? This question initiated a study analyzing how extreme temperatures affect mortality differently for men and women, focusing on India.

EXPERTS ADVISORY U.S. Surgeon General Vivek Murthy has declared firearm violence a public health crisis, saying it's time to deploy approaches similar to lifesaving anti-smoking and traffic safety campaigns to decrease deaths and injuries caused by guns. Researchers at the University of Michigan's Institute for Firearm Injury Prevention , School of Public Health and Michigan Medicine have endorsed this framework for decades, sharing critical data supporting this approach.