Dangerous environments 'make parents more caring'

Science 19 Jan 11 Changes in the environment that put the lives of adults at risk drive parents to invest more in caring for their offspring, scientists have found. The new research, led by Oxford University scientists, examined how the mortality rates of parents and offspring and the fertility of adults influence the evolution of how much parents care for and feed their young. The team found that unpredictable environments, which impact on adult mortality rates and fertility, increase the benefits to species of evolving a more caring strategy in which parents invest more resources in bringing up their offspring. A report of the research is published this week in the Journal of Evolutionary Biology . 'We already know that some animals, such as different populations of European kestrel, alter the levels of care they give their offspring in response to unpredictable environments,' said Dr Mike Bonsall of Oxford University's Department of Zoology, an author of the report. 'What this new research shows is that many more species are likely to 'hedge their bets', changing how much they care for their offspring depending on how challenging the environment is. The team set out to investigate how parental care evolved from a state of 'no care' in which parents leave offspring to fend for themselves.