History of Antarctic ice sheets holds clues for our future

A new study from researchers at The Australian National University (ANU) on how the world's largest ice sheet developed also provides vital clues about climate change tipping points. Forty million years ago, Antarctica grew massive ice sheets for the first time. The ANU study shows how these ice sheets stayed low, wet and relatively warm for millions of years. The current Antarctic ice sheet is the largest block of ice on Earth, covering more than 14 million square kilometres. If it melted, sea levels would rise by about 60 metres. But it hasn't always been that way. The spectacular ice sheet we're familiar with today didn't develop until around 12 million years ago, according to study co-author Dr Bradley Opdyke. "This had a huge impact on the stability of global sea levels," Dr Opdyke said. "Sea-level is a key indicator of global climate changes, so having more complete sea-level records will give us clues about climate tipping points, and what we might expect in the future." Once the ice sheets become so high, dry and dynamic, determining past sea level and temperature changes becomes less certain.