Not as simple as it seems: UAlberta research shows that human urine can contain 3,000 chemicals, 30 times more than previously known. (Photo: Wikimedia Commons)
UAlberta research shows 3,000 chemicals can be detected in human urine—results that could lead to fast, painless medical tests. Researchers at the University of Alberta have determined the chemical composition of human urine—and the results reveal a remarkable complexity in a seemingly simple substance. The study, which took more than seven years and involved a team of nearly 20 researchers, revealed that more than 3,000 chemicals or "metabolites" can be detected in urine. "Urine is an incredibly complex biofluid. We had no idea there could be so many different compounds going into our toilets," said David Wishart, the senior scientist on the project. The results are expected to have significant implications for medical, nutritional, drug and environmental testing. "Most medical textbooks only list 50 to 100 chemicals in urine, and most common clinical urine tests only measure six to seven compounds," said Wishart.
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