Credit: M. Grätzel/EPFL
EPFL scientists systematically study the path of the sequential deposition reaction used to build perovskite solar panels. The study is published in Science Advances and offers much-needed, fundamental understanding of perovskite formation and its different stages. Image: Scanning electron microscope (SEM) image showing the formation of methylammonium lead iodide perovskite (CH3NH3PbI3) by the reaction of lead iodide (PbI2) films with methylammonium iodide (CH3NH3I) solution for 2 seconds in the dark. The growth of a PbI2 crystal (highlighted in yellow) from the partly amorphous PbI2 film is visible. Image shows an area of 2.77 microns x 2.08 microns. Perovskite solar cells are an alternative to conventional silicon solar cells, poised to enter the market with their high power-conversion efficiencies (above 22% now) and lower capital expenditure and manufacturing costs. One of the main methods for depositing perovskite films onto panel structures is a process known as sequential deposition, which was developed in 2013 by Michael Grätzel and coworkers at EPFL.
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