Example of an in vitro culture of mammary tumor organoids. The green cells under the fluorescent microscope (right side) are genetically modified to study mechanisms of anti-cancer therapy resistance.
An international research team headed by the University of Bern and the Netherlands Cancer Institute has developed 3D cell cultures in which genes can be specifically modified. They allow the study of genes that may cause therapy resistance in breast cancer. This knowledge may further improve the use of targeted anti-cancer drugs. Drug resistance remains the major cause of death of patients suffering from metastasized cancer. Unfortunately, there is no ideal therapy that suits all patients. Moreover, the most efficient therapy should be used right from the start to increase the chance of cure and to minimize the risk of drug resistance. Therefore, an important goal in modern cancer research is the development of individualized therapies for cancer patients, the so-called precision medicine.
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