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Research led at the Yale School of Public Health have found that the majority of published papers analyzing the cost-effectiveness of a widely used test for breast cancer used a study design that can increase bias. Oncotype DX, a gene-expression profiling test, is used in clinical care to guide chemotherapy decisions for patients with early stage breast cancer.

New research from Lund University in Sweden shows that inflammatory, unstable atherosclerotic plaque has a metabolism that differs from that of stable plaque - and is similar to that of cancer cells. Future research will therefore investigate whether cancer drugs could potentially be used to treat cardiovascular disease.

An Australian Housing and Urban Research Institute report, led by the University of Sydney, outlines suggestions for how to leverage the planning system to create more affordable housing. Requiring developers to including affordable housing when land is rezoned and incentives for projects offering lower rents or sale prices are two ideas outlined in the report.

A novel approach to treating fluid build-up around the lungs of cancer patients could deliver a more effective home-based treatment for thousands of people who might be approaching the end of their lives, according to a new study led by the University of Bristol and North Bristol NHS Trust. In patients with all types of cancer excess fluid can start to collect between the thin layers of tissue lining the outside of the lung and the wall of the chest cavity.

A new clinical study will test for the first time if MRI scans can be used for population screening to detect prostate cancer more accurately. The current prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test is considered too unreliable for population screening, but researchers will investigate whether MRI could be used to screen men to pick up cancers earlier and more reliably, potentially helping to save lives.

EPFL biologists and geneticists have uncovered how the circadian clock orchestrates the 24-hour cycle of gene expression by regulating the structure of chromatin, the tightly wound DNA-protein complex of the cell. The work is published in Genes & Development. The circadian clock is an internal, biological "metronome" that dictates our 24-hour activity pattern.

UCL academics will lead a five-year study of childhood arthritis and its linked eye inflammation called uveitis, with the aim of better understanding how to treat the complex condition. The CLUSTER consortium has been awarded £5 million from the UK's Medical Research Council (MRC) with partnership funding from Arthritis Research UK.

A study co-authored by Assoc. Prof. Susan Lambert demonstrates that stable schedules for sales associates results in increased sales and labor productivity. A new study co-authored by a UChicago scholar demonstrates that giving sales associates more stable schedules leads to increased sales and labor productivity.

Female academics with young children find it more difficult to access research funding and generate attention for their results than their male counterparts, according to a new study presented at the Royal Economic Society's Annual Conference (28 March 2018). Analysing the careers of 262 male and female scientists at the University of Turin over a ten-year period, the study shows that women receive less funding than their male peers and citation rates, where research is quoted in other academic work, drop for women with young children.

Low back pain affects 540 million people worldwide, but too many patients receive the wrong care. Worldwide, overuse of inappropriate tests and treatments such as imaging, opioids and surgery means patients are not receiving the right care, and resources are wasted. Low back pain is the leading cause of disability worldwide, affecting an estimated 540 million people at any one time.

One-third of young adults aged 19 and 20 report riding in a motor vehicle with an impaired driver at the wheel at least once in the past year, according to a new study co-authored by Yale researcher Federico Vaca, M.D. M.P.H , and his colleagues at the National Institutes of Health, and led by Colorado State University investigators.

The largest-ever survey of care home staff in England, led by UCL researchers, has found that neglectful behaviours are widespread. For the study, published today in PLOS ONE , care home staff were asked anonymously about positive and negative behaviours they had done or had witnessed colleagues doing.

FINDINGS A team of UCLA researchers found that a metabolite therapy was effective in mice for treating a serious infection of the colon known as Clostridium difficile infection, or C. difficile. Mice that were infected with C. difficile were treated with an experimental drug called CSA13, which increased levels of four protective metabolites — molecules that help fuel, maintain and mediate cells.

A new analysis using government data finds air pollution has decreased in China's most populated areas since China declared 'war against pollution.' As China marks its four-year anniversary of declaring "war against pollution," a new analysis using data from more than 200 government monitors throughout the country finds air pollution has decreased across the board in China's most populated areas.

A research team led by the Yale School of Public Health has found that many pregnant women in low-income areas have to travel farther than their peers to reach the nearest hospitals to deliver their babies-and the gap in accessible health care appears to be growing. The findings are published in the Journal of Perinatology .

Only a select group of the world's top global health organisations have placed gender equality at the centre of their operations, according to a new report involving UCL researchers. The findings come from the new research and accountability initiative, Global Health 50/50, part funded by Wellcome and co-led by Professor Sarah Hawkes of UCL's Centre for Gender and Global Health and Dr Kent Buse of UNAIDS.

People are willing to travel 75 minutes longer for specialist cancer surgery if it reduces their risk of complications by 1%, according to new UCL-led research. The study, published today in the British Journal of Surgery, and funded by the NIHR Health Services and Delivery Research Programme, analysed patients' and health professionals' preferences for centralising specialist cancer surgery services.

Older women residing in the U.S territories are less likely to receive recommended or timely care for breast cancer compared with similar women residing in the continental United States, according to Yale researchers. Their   Using Medicare claims data from 2008 to 2014, the researchers analyzed breast cancer care for women in the U.S. territories, including American Samoa, the Northern Mariana Islands, Guam, U.S. Virgin Islands, and Puerto Rico.

The National Institutes of Health (NIH) invested more than $27 billion in biomedical research through competitive grants during its 2017 fiscal year. Those grants were awarded based on scores assigned by, and conversation between, expert peer reviewers. This peer review process is designed to determine the best proposals to fund and is a bedrock feature of doling out dollars for scientific projects with careful deliberation.

Women who take fish oil supplements and probiotics in later pregnancy may reduce their child's risk of food allergy and eczema. In one of the largest ever research reports of how a pregnant woman's diet affects her baby's allergy and eczema risk, scientists from Imperial College London assessed over 400 studies involving 1.5 million people.